Citicoline is a bioactive form of choline and a clinically studied brain nutrient. It serves as a precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential for attention, learning, and memory, as well as to phospholipids that support the structural integrity of brain cell membranes.

By supporting both neurotransmitter activity and neuronal cell structure, citicoline helps promote mental clarity, sustained focus, and cognitive energy during mentally demanding tasks.

Human evidence:

~25-30 human RCTs on cognition, attention, and memory (PubMed).

Rhodiola rosea is an adaptogenic plant that naturally grows in cold Nordic and Arctic regions, which is why it is often referred to as Arctic root. It has traditionally been used to support the body's ability to adapt to physical and mental stress.

Rhodiola works by modulating stress-related signaling pathways and influencing dopamine- and serotonin-associated systems. This may help maintain mental energy, emotional balance, and cognitive clarity. During periods of sustained cognitive or emotional demand, Rhodiola can support focus, motivation, and mental resilience over time.

Human evidence:

~12-18 human RCTs on stress, mental fatigue, focus, and performance (PubMed).

L-tyrosine is an amino acid that serves as a precursor to dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, neurotransmitters that are central to mental clarity, stress resilience, and cognitive performance. During periods of stress, sleep deprivation, or high mental demand, the body's need for these neurotransmitters may increase.

By supplying the building blocks for the brain's signaling systems, L-tyrosine may help support focus, motivation, and mental endurance when demands are high.

Human evidence:

~15-20 human RCTs on stress, cognition, and working memory (PubMed).

Electrolyte Blend (from Guerande Sea Salt)

Mindrate uses Guerande Sea Salt as the primary source of sodium and chloride-essential electrolytes for hydration, nerve signaling, and cognitive performance. The sea salt is traditionally harvested and naturally contains trace minerals alongside sodium chloride.

Human evidence:

100+ human RCTs on electrolytes, hydration, and performance (PubMed, grouped)

Potassium

Potassium is an essential electrolyte that supports normal nerve signaling, muscle function, and fluid balance. Adequate potassium intake helps maintain efficient communication between nerve cells, supporting both physical and mental performance.

Human evidence:

100+ human RCTs related to electrolytes and nerve function (PubMed, grouped)

Magnesium bisglycinate is a chelated form in which magnesium is bound to the amino acid glycine, supporting efficient absorption and good digestive tolerance. Glycine also acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, making this form especially well suited for formulas that support calm focus, mental stability, and daily stress resilience.

Human evidence:

~20-30 human RCTs on magnesium, stress, fatigue, and cognition (PubMed).

L-glutamine, glycine, and L-alanine are neutral amino acids involved in sodium-linked transport systems in the small intestine. When these amino acids are absorbed, sodium follows via shared transport pathways, creating conditions that facilitate water movement across the intestinal lining. This physiological mechanism has been examined in human research and forms the scientific basis for amino acid-based hydration strategies.

Human evidence:

~10-15 human RCTs on amino acids, hydration, and absorption (PubMed).

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Mononitrate):

Supports brain energy metabolism and normal nerve function.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin):

Contributes to normal energy production and protection against oxidative stress.

Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide):

Supports mental energy and normal psychological function.

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid):

Essential for mental performance and the production of acetylcholine.

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate):

Active form.

Supports neurotransmitter synthesis and cognitive function.

Vitamin B7 (Biotin / D-Biotin):

Supports nutrient metabolism and normal nervous system function.

Vitamin B9 (Folate - L-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate):

Active form.

Supports methylation and brain metabolism.

Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin):

Active form.

Supports nerve health, cognition, and mental energy.

Human evidence:

Collectively, more than 200 randomized, controlled human studies (RCTs) have examined B vitamins and cognition (PubMed).